Temperature (and perhaps volatile acid concentration and pH) must be controlled to optimize gas production.Strict explosion-proof standards must be maintained.High standards of maintenance and management are required.Daily feeding of digesters at controlled loading rates is desirable.Equipment is complex and involves high initial investment.Organic nitrogen will be hydrolized to ammonia nitrogen.Particulate matter in sludge may have refeeding potential.Rodents and flies are not attracted to the digested residue.Weed seeds and some pathogens may be destroyed during digestion.Methane, a constituent of the gases produced by the process, has significant value as fuel.The fertilizing nutrients are conserved.Digested residue is an almost-odorless free-flowing liquid.Organic content of the residue is reduced and stabilized so that final disposal presents a reduced pollution problem.Results of some of these studies are now available and are incorporated into this Bulletin.Īdvantages and disadvantages of anaerobic digestion of manure and other farm residues are listed as follows (Lapp 1974, Jewell1974, Jewell et al.
Since the Penn State project began, studies of farm digesters have been undertaken by research workers at several other locations. Financial support was received from the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. Reagan) and Dairy and Animal Science (August E. Therefore, the research project "Research on Methane Gas Production from Farm Wastes" was initiated in 1974 by the Agricultural Engineering Department of The Pennsylvania State University in cooperation with the departments of Sanitary Engineering (Raymond W. Since most previous research was directed primarily to the waste-treatment potential of anaerobic fermentation, rather than to energy recovery, information on biogas-generation-system designs for livestock-management practices and systems is limited. Renewed attention is now being directed to biogas generation as a source of fuel in the U.S.A. Producing methane (valued for its use as a fuel) by anaerobic digestion of agricultural organic residues, especially animal manures, is technically feasible and has been practiced in India and Germany. The need to develop alternative energy sources has become increasingly apparent with incidents of fuel shortages and escalating prices in recent years.
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